Fundamental Electrical Engineering 1

This course manual, entitled "Fundamental Electrical Engineering 1," is a foundational course for second-year undergraduate students in the third semester of their electrical engineering studies. This program aims to provide them with a fundamental understanding of the principles of electricity.

Electrical engineering is a science dedicated to the study, understanding, and analysis of the transformation and flow of electrical energy across three primary domains: generation, transmission, and consumption. The analysis of these concepts is grounded in the fundamental laws of physics and electricity.

A Note on the Text

Suggestions for the improvement of this text are greatly appreciated. While every precaution has been taken to eliminate errors, achieving perfection is an elusive goal. I would be very grateful to instructors, students, and other users of this course material if they would report any errors that may have inadvertently been included.

To facilitate student learning, each major section within the chapters concludes with application exercises and review questions designed to test comprehension. Additionally, a detailed methodology for constructing Fresnel (phasor) diagrams is provided, and inter-chapter correlations are established by referencing specific, relevant sections.

Chapter Organization

In accordance with the official curriculum, this course is divided into six chapters:

1. Chapter 1 covers a mathematical review of complex numbers and their applications. This includes their representation in polar, algebraic, and exponential forms, and the application of De Moivre's and Euler's theorems to solve related problems.

2. Chapter 2 provides a comprehensive review of the fundamental laws of electricity. It covers DC circuits and relevant topics such as Kirchhoff's laws, ideal and practical voltage and current sources, mesh and nodal analysis, source transformation, Ohm's law, combinations of R, L, and C components, variable and harmonic single-phase systems, analysis of single-phase AC circuits, and finally, the power balance in basic electrical circuits.

3. Chapter 3 covers three-phase electrical circuits and power. It addresses the fundamental principles of alternating current, with detailed coverage of the average and RMS representation of alternating vectors. It also includes the analysis of three-phase AC circuits, voltage and current relationships in delta and star (wye) connections, power relationships in unbalanced delta and star circuits, and the measurement of three-phase power using wattmeters.

4. Chapter 4 covers the analysis of magnetic circuits, their fundamental principles, and B-H magnetization curves. It also discusses the importance of the hysteresis loop, Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction, dynamically induced electromotive forces (EMF), and eddy current losses.

5. Chapter 5 discusses single-phase transformers. It covers their construction, operating principle, the EMF equation, losses, ideal versus practical transformers, and open-circuit and short-circuit tests.

6. Chapter 6 introduces electrical machines, focusing on the DC machine as a primary example. It details the operating principles of DC motors and generators, as well as their construction, the different types of DC machine excitation, and the EMF equation.